Unter Chrom-Isotope werden alle Atomkerne des chemischen Elements Chrom zusammengefasst; diese bestehen allesamt aus einem Atomkern mit 24 Protonen und im ungeladenen Zustand aus 24 Elektronen. Der Unterschied zwischen den einzelnen Chrom-Isotopen beruht auf der Anzahl der Neutronen im Kern.
Natürlich auftretende Chrom-Isotope
In der Natur treten 4 Chromisotope in verschiedene Formen auf:
Atommasse Ar | Anteil | Halbwertszeit | Spin | |
Chrom Isotopengemisch | 51,9961 u | 100 % | ||
Isotop 50Cr | 49,9460414(5) u | 4,345(13) % | 1,3 × 1018 Jahre | 0+ |
Isotop 52Cr | 51,940506(4) u | 83,789(18) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotop 53Cr | 52,940648(4) u | 9,501(17) % | stabil | 3/2- |
Isotop 54Cr | 53,938879(4) u | 2,365(7) % | stabil | 0+ |
Isotopentabelle: Chrom
Isotop Nuklid | Z | A | N | Name | Atommasse [Kernmasse] {Massenüberschuss} | Spin I (h/2π) | μ | A-Nuk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
41Cr | 24 | 41 | 17 | Chrom-41 | 41,02 u [41,0068344 u] {18,62988 MeV} | 42Mn | ||
42Cr | 24 | 42 | 18 | Chrom-42 | 42,00722(43) u [41,9940544 u] {6,72539 MeV} | 0+ | 43Mn | |
43Cr | 24 | 43 | 19 | Chrom-43 | 42,99788(43) u [42,9847144 u] {-1,97477 MeV} | (3/2+) | 44Mn | |
44Cr | 24 | 44 | 20 | Chrom-44 | 43,98566(32) u [43,9724944 u] {-13,35762 MeV} | 0+ | 45Mn | |
45Cr | 24 | 45 | 21 | Chrom-45 | 44,97905(4) u [44,9658844 u] {-19,5148 MeV} | (7/2-) | ||
45mCr | 24 | 45 | 21 | Chrom-45m | 44,97905(4) u [44,9658844 u] {-19,5148 MeV} | 3/2+~ | ||
46Cr | 24 | 46 | 22 | Chrom-46 | 45,968359(21) u [45,9551934 u] {-29,4734 MeV} | 0+ | 46Mn | |
47Cr | 24 | 47 | 23 | Chrom-47 | 46,962896(6) u [46,9497304 u] {-34,56215 MeV} | 3/2- | 47Mn | |
48Cr | 24 | 48 | 24 | Chrom-48 | 47,954029(8) u [47,9408634 u] {-42,82171 MeV} | 0+ | 48Mn | |
49Cr | 24 | 49 | 25 | Chrom-49 | 48,9513330(24) u [48,9381674 u] {-45,33302 MeV} | 5/2- | 0,476(3) | 49Mn |
50Cr | 24 | 50 | 26 | Chrom-50 | 49,9460414(5) u [49,9328758 u] {-50,26211 MeV} | 0+ | 50Mn 50V | |
51Cr | 24 | 51 | 27 | Chrom-51 | 50,94476539(18) u [50,9315998 u] {-51,45071 MeV} | 7/2- | (-)0,934(5) | 51Mn |
52Cr | 24 | 52 | 28 | Chrom-52 | 51,940506(4) u [51,9273404 u] {-55,4183 MeV} | 0+ | 52Mn 52V | |
53Cr | 24 | 53 | 29 | Chrom-53 | 52,940648(4) u [52,9274824 u] {-55,28603 MeV} | 3/2- | -0,47431(7) | 53Mn 53V |
54Cr | 24 | 54 | 30 | Chrom-54 | 53,938879(4) u [53,9257134 u] {-56,93384 MeV} | 0+ | 54Mn 54V | |
55Cr | 24 | 55 | 31 | Chrom-55 | 54,9408373(4) u [54,9276717 u] {-55,1097 MeV} | 3/2- | 55V | |
56Cr | 24 | 56 | 32 | Chrom-56 | 55,9406491(6) u [55,9274835 u] {-55,28501 MeV} | 0+ | 56V | |
57Cr | 24 | 57 | 33 | Chrom-57 | 56,9436124(11) u [56,9304468 u] {-52,52471 MeV} | (3/2)- | 0,0834 | 57V |
58Cr | 24 | 58 | 34 | Chrom-58 | 57,9441845(16) u [57,9310189 u] {-51,9918 MeV} | 0+ | 58V | |
59Cr | 24 | 59 | 35 | Chrom-59 | 58,94838(23) u [58,9352144 u] {-48,08372 MeV} | (1/2-) | 59V | |
59mCr | 24 | 59 | 35 | Chrom-59m | 58,94838(23) u [58,9352144 u] {-48,08372 MeV} | (9/2+) | ||
60Cr | 24 | 60 | 36 | Chrom-60 | 59,94990(21) u [59,9367344 u] {-46,66785 MeV} | 0+ | 60V | |
61Cr | 24 | 61 | 37 | Chrom-61 | 60,95440(11) u [60,9412344 u] {-42,47613 MeV} | (5/2-) | 61V | |
62Cr | 24 | 62 | 38 | Chrom-62 | 61,95610(16) u [61,9429344 u] {-40,89259 MeV} | 0+ | 62V | |
63Cr | 24 | 63 | 39 | Chrom-63 | 62,96134(38) u [62,9481744 u] {-36,01156 MeV} | 1/2- | 63V | |
64Cr | 24 | 64 | 40 | Chrom-64 | 63,96406(47) u [63,9508944 u] {-33,47789 MeV} | 0+ | 64V | |
65Cr | 24 | 65 | 41 | Chrom-65 | 64,96970(32) u [64,9565344 u] {-28,22427 MeV} | (1/2-) | 65V | |
66Cr | 24 | 66 | 42 | Chrom-66 | 65,97346(43) u [65,9602944 u] {-24,72185 MeV} | 0+ | ||
67Cr | 24 | 67 | 43 | Chrom-67 | 66,97955(75) u [66,9663844 u] {-19,04905 MeV} | 1/2-~ | ||
68Cr | 24 | 68 | 44 | Chrom-68 | 67,98411(54) u [67,9709444 u] {-14,80144 MeV} | 0+ |
Isotop | Zerfall (radioaktiver Zerfall) | AE | Mehr | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Halbwertszeit | Zerfallsart | Anteil | Energie | Info | ||
1 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
Cr-41 | p zu 40V | |||||
Cr-42 | 13,3(10) ms | β+ zu 42V EE p zu 41Ti | 94,4(50) % | 14,35(45) MeV | AL | |
Cr-43 | 21,2(7) ms | EE β+ zu 43V EE, p zu 42Ti EE, 2p zu 41Sc EE, 3p zu 40Ca | 79,3(30) % 11,6(10) % 0,13 % | 15,95(40) MeV | AL | |
Cr-44 | 42,8(6) ms | EE β+ zu 44V EE, p zu 43Ti | 93 % 7(3) % | 10,76(35) MeV | AL | |
Cr-45 | 60,9(4) ms | β+ zu 45V β+, p zu 44Ti | 65,6 % 34,4 % | 12,47(49) MeV | AL | |
Cr-45m | 0,001 s~ | 50 | AL | |||
Cr-46 | 0,26(6) s | EC β+ zu 46V | 100 % | 7,604(11) MeV | AL | |
Cr-47 | 500(15) ms | EE β+ zu 47V | 100 % | 7,444(6) MeV | AL | |
Cr-48 | 21,56(3) Stunden | EE/β+ zu 48V | 100 % | 1,656(7) MeV | AL | |
Cr-49 | 42,3(1) Minuten | β+ zu 49V | 100 % | 2,6289(24) MeV | AL | |
Cr-50 | 1,3 × 1018 Jahre | 2 EE ? | AL | |||
Cr-51 | 27,704(4) Tage | EE zu 51V | 100 % | 0,75239(19) MeV | AL | |
Cr-52 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cr-53 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cr-54 | stabil | AL | ||||
Cr-55 | 3,497(3) Minuten | β- zu 55Mn | 100 % | 2,6027(4) MeV | AL | |
Cr-56 | 5,94(10) Minuten | β- zu 56Mn | 100 % | 1,6265(6) MeV | AL | |
Cr-57 | 21,1(10) s | β- zu 57Mn | 100 % | 4,9615(18) MeV | AL | |
Cr-58 | 7,0(3) s | β- zu 58Mn | 100 % | 3,836(4) MeV | AL | |
Cr-59 | 0,74(28) s | β- zu 59Mn | 100 % | 7,44(22) MeV | AL | |
Cr-59m | 96(20) μs | Iso zu 59Cr | 100 % | 502,7(11) keV | AL | |
Cr-60 | 0,49(1) s | β- zu 60Mn β-, n zu 59Mn | ? | 6,30(19) MeV 0,78(19) MeV | AL | |
Cr-61 | 237(11) ms | β- zu 61Mn β-, n zu 60Mn | 100 % ? | 9,27(10) MeV 2,42(19) MeV | AL | |
Cr-62 | 206(12) ms | β- zu 62Mn β- , n zu 61Mn | 100 % ? | 7,63(15) MeV 2,78(15) MeV | AL | |
Cr-63 | 129(2) ms | β- zu 63Mn β- , n zu 62Mn | 100 % ? | 10,88(36) MeV 4,45(36) MeV | AL | |
Cr-64 | 43(1) ms | β- zu 64Mn β-, n zu zu 63Mn | 100 % ? | 9,51(44) MeV 5,34(44) MeV | AL | |
Cr-65 | 27(3) ms | β- zu 65Mn | 100 % | 12,75(39) MeV | AL | |
Cr-66 | 24(2) ms | β- zu 66Mn | 100 % | 12,03(40) MeV | AL | |
Cr-67 | 300 ns | β- zu 67Mn | AL | |||
Cr-68 | 360 ns | β- zu 68Mn β-, n zu 67Mn | 100 % ? | 13,58(64) MeV 10,59(58) MeV | AL |
Erläuterungen zu den einzelnen Spalten:
1 - Symbol mit Nukleonenzahl.
2 - Z = Anzahl der Protonen (Ordnungszahl).
3 - Massenzahl A.
4 - N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
5 - Bezeichnung des Chrom-Isotops; gegebenenfalls Trivialnamen.
6 - Relative Atommasse des Chrom-Isotops (Isotopenmasse inklusive Elektronen) und in eckigen Klammern die Masse des Atomkerns (Kernmasse, Nuklidmasse ohne Elektronen), jeweils bezogen auf 12C = 12,00000 [2]. Zusätzlich ist der Massenüberschuss (Massenexzess) in MeV angegeben.
7 - Kernspin I, Einheit: h/2π.
8 - Kernmagnetisches Moment μmag.
9 - Ausgangsnuklide: Mögliche, angenommene oder tatsächliche Ausgangs-Nuklide (Mutternuklide, Elternnuklide). Die entsprechenden Zerfalls-Modi sind gegebenenfalls bei den Daten des jeweiligen Ausgangsnuklids zu finden.
10 - Zerfall: Halbwertszeiten des Chrom-Isotops mit a = Jahre; ; d = Tage; h = Stunden; min = Minuten; s = Sekunden.
11 - Zerfall: Zerfallsart in die jeweiligen Tochternuklide mit n = Neutronenemission; p = Protonenemission; α = Alpha-Zerfall; ß- = Beta-Minus-Zerfall unter Elektronenemission; EE = Elektroneneinfang; ß+ = Positronenemission; ε = ß+ und/oder EE; Iso = Isomerieübergang; CZ = Cluster-Zerfall; SZ = Spontanzerfall.
12 - Zerfall: Zerfallsanteil in Prozent (%).
13 - Zerfall: Zerfallsenergie; Partikelenergie bezogen auf Zerfallsart.
14 - AE = Anregungsenergie für metastabile Kerne.
15 - Sonstige Informationen und Hinweise: AL = Weitere Niveaus, so genannte Adopted Levels (Verlinkung auf externe Daten [1]).
Sonstige:
()- Eingeklammerte Ziffern: Unsicherheit zur Darstellung der Streubreite des angegebenen Wertes.
~ - Theoretische Werte oder systematische Trends.
- ungelistet-: Nuklide, die in der Literatur bereits erwänhnt wurden, aber aus irgendwelchen Gründen in den aktuellen Nuklidtabellen nicht mehr zu finden sind, weil sich deren Entdeckung z. B. nicht bestätigt hat.
NMR-aktive Chrom-Nuklide
Nuklid Anteil Spin I | Kernmagnetisches Moment μ/μN | Gyromagnetisches Verhältnis 107 rad T-1 s-1 | Quadrupol- Moment Q [barn] | Resonanz- Frequenz v0 bei 1 T | Relative Empfindlichkeit H0 = const. v0 = const. * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
53Cr 9,501(17) % 3/2- | -0,47431(7) | - 1,512 | - 0,15(5) | 2,4115 | 0,00091 0,2832 |
*) bezogen auf 1H = 1,000
Strahlenschutz
Für den Umgang mit den Chrom-Radionukliden gelten gemäß Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV 2018) unter anderem folgende Werte (Spalten 1 bis 7):
Nuklid | Freigrenzen | HRQ-Schwelle | OFK | Tochternuklide | Halbwertszeit | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cr-48 | 106 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 21,6 Stunden | |||
Cr-49 | 106 Bq | 10 Bq/g | 41,9 Minuten | |||
Cr-51 | 107 Bq | 100 Bq/g | 2 TBq | 100 Bq cm-2 | 27,7 Tage |
(HRQ = Hochradioaktive Quellen; OFK = Oberflächenkontamination)
Kernisobare Nuklide des Chroms
Zu den Chrom-Nukliden isobare Atomkerne befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; Z = Ordnungszahl; A = Nukleonenzahl (Massenzahl).
Z: | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br |
41 | 41Al | 41Si | 41P | 41S | 41Cl | 41Ar | 41K | 41Ca | 41Sc | 41Ti | 41V | 41Cr | |||||||||||
42 | 42Al | 42Si | 42P | 42S | 42Cl | 42Ar | 42K | 42Ca | 42Sc | 42Ti | 42V | 42Cr | 42Mn | ||||||||||
43 | 43Al | 43Si | 43P | 43S | 43Cl | 43Ar | 43K | 43Ca | 43Sc | 43Ti | 43V | 43Cr | 43Mn | ||||||||||
44 | 44Si | 44P | 44S | 44Cl | 44Ar | 44K | 44Ca | 44Sc | 44Ti | 44V | 44Cr | 44Mn | |||||||||||
45 | 45P | 45S | 45Cl | 45Ar | 45K | 45Ca | 45Sc | 45Ti | 45V | 45Cr | 45Mn | 45Fe | |||||||||||
46 | 46P | 46S | 46Cl | 46Ar | 46K | 46Ca | 46Sc | 46Ti | 46V | 46Cr | 46Mn | 46Fe | 46Co | ||||||||||
47 | 47S | 47Cl | 47Ar | 47K | 47Ca | 47Sc | 47Ti | 47V | 47Cr | 47Mn | 47Fe | 47Co | |||||||||||
48 | 48S | 48Cl | 48Ar | 48K | 48Ca | 48Sc | 48Ti | 48V | 48Cr | 48Mn | 48Fe | 48Co | 48Ni | ||||||||||
49 | 49S | 49Cl | 49Ar | 49K | 49Ca | 49Sc | 49Ti | 49V | 49Cr | 49Mn | 49Fe | 49Co | 49Ni | ||||||||||
50 | 50Cl | 50Ar | 50K | 50Ca | 50Sc | 50Ti | 50V | 50Cr | 50Mn | 50Fe | 50Co | 50Ni | |||||||||||
51 | 51Cl | 51Ar | 51K | 51Ca | 51Sc | 51Ti | 51V | 51Cr | 51Mn | 51Fe | 51Co | 51Ni | |||||||||||
52 | 52Ar | 52K | 52Ca | 52Sc | 52Ti | 52V | 52Cr | 52Mn | 52Fe | 52Co | 52Ni | ||||||||||||
53 | 53Ar | 53K | 53Ca | 53Sc | 53Ti | 53V | 53Cr | 53Mn | 53Fe | 53Co | 53Ni | 53Cu | |||||||||||
54 | 54K | 54Ca | 54Sc | 54Ti | 54V | 54Cr | 54Mn | 54Fe | 54Co | 54Ni | 54Cu | 54Zn | |||||||||||
55 | 55K | 55Ca | 55Sc | 55Ti | 55V | 55Cr | 55Mn | 55Fe | 55Co | 55Ni | 55Cu | 55Zn | |||||||||||
56 | 56K | 56Ca | 56Sc | 56Ti | 56V | 56Cr | 56Mn | 56Fe | 56Co | 56Ni | 56Cu | 56Zn | |||||||||||
57 | 57Ca | 57Sc | 57Ti | 57V | 57Cr | 57Mn | 57Fe | 57Co | 57Ni | 57Cu | 57Zn | ||||||||||||
58 | 58Ca | 58Sc | 58Ti | 58V | 58Cr | 58Mn | 58Fe | 58Co | 58Ni | 58Cu | 58Zn | ||||||||||||
59 | 59Sc | 59Ti | 59V | 59Cr | 59Mn | 59Fe | 59Co | 59Ni | 59Cu | 59Zn | 59Ga | ||||||||||||
60 | 60Sc | 60Ti | 60V | 60Cr | 60Mn | 60Fe | 60Co | 60Ni | 60Cu | 60Zn | 60Ga | 60Ge | |||||||||||
61 | 61Sc | 61Ti | 61V | 61Cr | 61Mn | 61Fe | 61Co | 61Ni | 61Cu | 61Zn | 61Ga | 61Ge | |||||||||||
62 | 62Ti | 62V | 62Cr | 62Mn | 62Fe | 62Co | 62Ni | 62Cu | 62Zn | 62Ga | 62Ge | 62As | |||||||||||
63 | 63Ti | 63V | 63Cr | 63Mn | 63Fe | 63Co | 63Ni | 63Cu | 63Zn | 63Ga | 63Ge | 63As | |||||||||||
64 | 64V | 64Cr | 64Mn | 64Fe | 64Co | 64Ni | 64Cu | 64Zn | 64Ga | 64Ge | 64As | ||||||||||||
65 | 65V | 65Cr | 65Mn | 65Fe | 65Co | 65Ni | 65Cu | 65Zn | 65Ga | 65Ge | 65As | 65Se | |||||||||||
66 | 66V | 66Cr | 66Mn | 66Fe | 66Co | 66Ni | 66Cu | 66Zn | 66Ga | 66Ge | 66As | 66Se | 66Br | ||||||||||
67 | 67Cr | 67Mn | 67Fe | 67Co | 67Ni | 67Cu | 67Zn | 67Ga | 67Ge | 67As | 67Se | 67Br | |||||||||||
68 | 68Cr | 68Mn | 68Fe | 68Co | 68Ni | 68Cu | 68Zn | 68Ga | 68Ge | 68As | 68Se | 68Br |
Kernisotone Nuklide des Chroms
Die zu den Chrom-Kernen isotonen Nuklide befinden sich in der jeweiligen Tabellenzeile; N = Anzahl der Neutronen.
17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24N | 25N | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25O | 26O | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
26F | 27F | 28F | 29F | 30F | 31F | ||||||||||||||||||||||
27Ne | 28Ne | 29Ne | 30Ne | 31Ne | 32Ne | 33Ne | 34Ne | ||||||||||||||||||||
28Na | 29Na | 30Na | 31Na | 32Na | 33Na | 34Na | 35Na | 36Na | 37Na | 38Na | 39Na | ||||||||||||||||
29Mg | 30Mg | 31Mg | 32Mg | 33Mg | 34Mg | 35Mg | 36Mg | 37Mg | 38Mg | 39Mg | 40Mg | ||||||||||||||||
30Al | 31Al | 32Al | 33Al | 34Al | 35Al | 36Al | 37Al | 38Al | 39Al | 40Al | 41Al | 42Al | 43Al | ||||||||||||||
31Si | 32Si | 33Si | 34Si | 35Si | 36Si | 37Si | 38Si | 39Si | 40Si | 41Si | 42Si | 43Si | 44Si | ||||||||||||||
32P | 33P | 34P | 35P | 36P | 37P | 38P | 39P | 40P | 41P | 42P | 43P | 44P | 45P | 46P | |||||||||||||
33S | 34S | 35S | 36S | 37S | 38S | 39S | 40S | 41S | 42S | 43S | 44S | 45S | 46S | 47S | 48S | 49S | |||||||||||
34Cl | 35Cl | 36Cl | 37Cl | 38Cl | 39Cl | 40Cl | 41Cl | 42Cl | 43Cl | 44Cl | 45Cl | 46Cl | 47Cl | 48Cl | 49Cl | 50Cl | 51Cl | ||||||||||
35Ar | 36Ar | 37Ar | 38Ar | 39Ar | 40Ar | 41Ar | 42Ar | 43Ar | 44Ar | 45Ar | 46Ar | 47Ar | 48Ar | 49Ar | 50Ar | 51Ar | 52Ar | 53Ar | |||||||||
36K | 37K | 38K | 39K | 40K | 41K | 42K | 43K | 44K | 45K | 46K | 47K | 48K | 49K | 50K | 51K | 52K | 53K | 54K | 55K | 56K | |||||||
37Ca | 38Ca | 39Ca | 40Ca | 41Ca | 42Ca | 43Ca | 44Ca | 45Ca | 46Ca | 47Ca | 48Ca | 49Ca | 50Ca | 51Ca | 52Ca | 53Ca | 54Ca | 55Ca | 56Ca | 57Ca | 58Ca | ||||||
38Sc | 39Sc | 40Sc | 41Sc | 42Sc | 43Sc | 44Sc | 45Sc | 46Sc | 47Sc | 48Sc | 49Sc | 50Sc | 51Sc | 52Sc | 53Sc | 54Sc | 55Sc | 56Sc | 57Sc | 58Sc | 59Sc | 60Sc | 61Sc | ||||
39Ti | 40Ti | 41Ti | 42Ti | 43Ti | 44Ti | 45Ti | 46Ti | 47Ti | 48Ti | 49Ti | 50Ti | 51Ti | 52Ti | 53Ti | 54Ti | 55Ti | 56Ti | 57Ti | 58Ti | 59Ti | 60Ti | 61Ti | 62Ti | 63Ti | |||
40V | 41V | 42V | 43V | 44V | 45V | 46V | 47V | 48V | 49V | 50V | 51V | 52V | 53V | 54V | 55V | 56V | 57V | 58V | 59V | 60V | 61V | 62V | 63V | 64V | 65V | 66V | |
41Cr | 42Cr | 43Cr | 44Cr | 45Cr | 46Cr | 47Cr | 48Cr | 49Cr | 50Cr | 51Cr | 52Cr | 53Cr | 54Cr | 55Cr | 56Cr | 57Cr | 58Cr | 59Cr | 60Cr | 61Cr | 62Cr | 63Cr | 64Cr | 65Cr | 66Cr | 67Cr | 68Cr |
42Mn | 43Mn | 44Mn | 45Mn | 46Mn | 47Mn | 48Mn | 49Mn | 50Mn | 51Mn | 52Mn | 53Mn | 54Mn | 55Mn | 56Mn | 57Mn | 58Mn | 59Mn | 60Mn | 61Mn | 62Mn | 63Mn | 64Mn | 65Mn | 66Mn | 67Mn | 68Mn | 69Mn |
45Fe | 46Fe | 47Fe | 48Fe | 49Fe | 50Fe | 51Fe | 52Fe | 53Fe | 54Fe | 55Fe | 56Fe | 57Fe | 58Fe | 59Fe | 60Fe | 61Fe | 62Fe | 63Fe | 64Fe | 65Fe | 66Fe | 67Fe | 68Fe | 69Fe | 70Fe | ||
46Co | 47Co | 48Co | 49Co | 50Co | 51Co | 52Co | 53Co | 54Co | 55Co | 56Co | 57Co | 58Co | 59Co | 60Co | 61Co | 62Co | 63Co | 64Co | 65Co | 66Co | 67Co | 68Co | 69Co | 70Co | 71Co | ||
48Ni | 49Ni | 50Ni | 51Ni | 52Ni | 53Ni | 54Ni | 55Ni | 56Ni | 57Ni | 58Ni | 59Ni | 60Ni | 61Ni | 62Ni | 63Ni | 64Ni | 65Ni | 66Ni | 67Ni | 68Ni | 69Ni | 70Ni | 71Ni | 72Ni | |||
53Cu | 54Cu | 55Cu | 56Cu | 57Cu | 58Cu | 59Cu | 60Cu | 61Cu | 62Cu | 63Cu | 64Cu | 65Cu | 66Cu | 67Cu | 68Cu | 69Cu | 70Cu | 71Cu | 72Cu | 73Cu | |||||||
54Zn | 55Zn | 56Zn | 57Zn | 58Zn | 59Zn | 60Zn | 61Zn | 62Zn | 63Zn | 64Zn | 65Zn | 66Zn | 67Zn | 68Zn | 69Zn | 70Zn | 71Zn | 72Zn | 73Zn | 74Zn | |||||||
59Ga | 60Ga | 61Ga | 62Ga | 63Ga | 64Ga | 65Ga | 66Ga | 67Ga | 68Ga | 69Ga | 70Ga | 71Ga | 72Ga | 73Ga | 74Ga | 75Ga | |||||||||||
60Ge | 61Ge | 62Ge | 63Ge | 64Ge | 65Ge | 66Ge | 67Ge | 68Ge | 69Ge | 70Ge | 71Ge | 72Ge | 73Ge | 74Ge | 75Ge | 76Ge | |||||||||||
62As | 63As | 64As | 65As | 66As | 67As | 68As | 69As | 70As | 71As | 72As | 73As | 74As | 75As | 76As | 77As | ||||||||||||
65Se | 66Se | 67Se | 68Se | 69Se | 70Se | 71Se | 72Se | 73Se | 74Se | 75Se | 76Se | 77Se | 78Se | ||||||||||||||
66Br | 67Br | 68Br | 69Br | 70Br | 71Br | 72Br | 73Br | 74Br | 75Br | 76Br | 77Br | 78Br | 79Br | ||||||||||||||
69Kr | 70Kr | 71Kr | 72Kr | 73Kr | 74Kr | 75Kr | 76Kr | 77Kr | 78Kr | 79Kr | 80Kr | ||||||||||||||||
71Rb | 72Rb | 73Rb | 74Rb | 75Rb | 76Rb | 77Rb | 78Rb | 79Rb | 80Rb | 81Rb | |||||||||||||||||
73Sr | 74Sr | 75Sr | 76Sr | 77Sr | 78Sr | 79Sr | 80Sr | 81Sr | 82Sr | ||||||||||||||||||
76Y | 77Y | 78Y | 79Y | 80Y | 81Y | 82Y | 83Y | ||||||||||||||||||||
78Zr | 79Zr | 80Zr | 81Zr | 82Zr | 83Zr | 84Zr | |||||||||||||||||||||
81Nb | 82Nb | 83Nb | 84Nb | 85Nb | |||||||||||||||||||||||
83Mo | 84Mo | 85Mo | 86Mo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
85Tc | 86Tc | 87Tc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
87Ru | 88Ru | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89Rh |
Literatur und Hinweise
Eigenschaften der Chrom-Isotope
[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.
[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.
Chrom: Kernmagnetische Eigenschaften - 53Cr-NMR
[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.
[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.
[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.
[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).
Weitere Quellen:
[8] - Isotopenhäufigkeiten, Atommassen und Isotopenmassen: Siehe unter dem jeweiligen Stichwort.
[9] - K. Garofali, R. Robinson, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of chromium, manganese, nickel, and copper isotopes.
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Kategorie: Chemische Elemente
Letzte Änderung am 12.12.2022.
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